PHYSIOLOGY OF PLANTS, HUMANS AND ANIMALS PRACTICE IBPS 2022 MCQ

PHYSIOLOGY OF PLANTS, HUMANS, AND ANIMALS PRACTICE IBPS 2022 MCQ

Question: 1

Growth is primarily affected by two climatic factors which are –

a) Temperature and relative humidity

b) Light and wind

c) Light and temperature

d) Rainfall and temperature

Question: 2

The pH of blood is

a) between 2-4

b) between 7-8

c) between 12-14

d) between 2-5

(Blood is an opaque, mobile connective tissue fluid that has a salty taste. the pH of blood is between 7-8.

Hence, the blood possesses a slightly alkaline pH).

Question : 3

Respiration in plants

a) results in the formation of vitamins

b) is characteristic of all living cells

c) occurs only during the day

d) often requires CO₂

Question: 4

The functional and structural unit of the kidney is

a) seminiferous tubule

b) nephron

c) acini

d) None of these

Question: 5

The dead element present in the phloem is

a) phloem fibers

b) companion cells

c) phloem parenchyma

d) sieve tube

Question: 6

The end product of the fermentation of sugars is

a) CO₂

b) alcohol and CO₂

c) H₂O and CO₂

d) alcohol

(The end product of the fermentation of sugars is alcohol and CO₂. Sugars are the most common substrate of fermentation, and typical examples of fermentation products are ethanol, lactic acid, and hydrogen. However, more exotic compounds can be produced by fermentation, such as butyric acid and acetone. Yeast carries out fermentation in the production of ethanol in beers, wines, and other alcoholic drinks, along with the production of large quantities of carbon dioxide.

Fermentation occurs in mammalian muscle during periods of intense exercise where oxygen supply becomes limited, resulting in the creation of lactic acid).

Question: 7

Which part of the plant does not perform photosynthesis?

a) Guard cell of stomata

b) Mesophyll cells of the leaf

c) Cactus stem

d) Leaf epidermis

Question: 8

Hydroponics is a technique in which plants are grown in

a) water-saturated sand

b) balanced nutrient solution

c) greenhouse

d) purified distilled water

Question: 9

Bones are mainly made up of

a) calcium and sulfur

b) calcium and phosphorous

c) calcium and magnesium

d) calcium and iron

(Bone is the solid rigid strong connective tissue. Its matrix consists of ossein protein and mineralization of the matrix occurs by calcium- phosphate salts. This gives rigidity and strength to bones).

Question: 10

Which element is required in comparatively least quantity for the growth of a plant?

a) N

b) P

c) Zn

d) Ca

Question: 11

Which one of the following organs in the human body is most affected due to a shortage of oxygen?

a) Skin

b) Intestine

c) Kidney

d) Brain

(Brain is the most vital organ. It stops functioning in the absence of O₂)

Question: 12

Which of the following statements are wrong?

Leucocytes disintegrate in the spleen and liver.
RBC, WBC, and blood platelets are produced in the bone marrow.
Neutrophils bring about the destruction and detoxification of toxins of protein origin.
The important function of lymphocytes is to produce antibodies.

a) 1 and 3

b) 1 and 4

c) 1 and 2

d) 2 and 3

(Leucocytes are removed from the circulation by macrophages located in the liver and spleen.

They may die and disintegrate in the connective tissue with remnants being phagocytized by histiocytes. Neutrophils are phagocytic cells that destroy foreign organisms entering the body)

Question: 13

In PS-I the reaction centre Chl a has absorption maxima at _____________, while in PS-II the reaction centre Chl a has absorption maxima at ___________.

a) P₇₀₀, P₆₈₀

b) P₈₀₀, P₆₀₀

c) P₆₈₀, P₇₀₀

d) P₇₀₀, P₉₀₀

Question: 14

In expiration, the diaphragm becomes

a) relaxed

b) flattened

c) straightened

d) arched

Question : 15 [IAS (Pre) 2007]

Which one of the following parts of the human brain is the regulating center for swallowing and vomiting?

a) Cerebrum

b) Medulla oblongata

c) Cerebellum

d) Pons

Question: 16

The chief function of leaves is

a) respiration and photosynthesis

b) respiration and digestion

c) transpiration and photosynthesis

d) respiration and transpiration

(Leaves show transpiration & photosynthesis)

Question: 17

Photosynthetically active radiation is represented by the range of wavelength of

a) 400 – 700 nm

b) 500 – 600 nm

c) 340 – 450 nm

d) 400 – 950 nm

(Photosynthesis takes place only in the visible part (400 – 700 nm wavelength) of electromagnetic radiation. Hence this component comprises the photosynthetically active radiation)

Question: 18

During strenuous exercise, glucose is converted into

a) pyruvic acid

b) glycogen

c) starch

d) lactic acid

Question: 19

Consider the following statements :

Aerenchyma tissue is found in hydrophytes.
The number of stomata is less and sunken in xerophyte.
Velamen tissue in orchids is found in roots.

Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?

a) 2 only

b) 1, 2 and 3

c) 3 only

d) 1 only

(Hydrophyts contain aerenchyma that helps them stay afloat on water, xerophytes contain less and sunken stomata to prevent excessive water loss due to transpiration at high temperature, and velamen tissues in orchids are found in roots for efficient uptake of water and minerals)

Question: 20

Which of the following is commonly called the emergency gland of the body?

a) Testis

b) Thymus

c) Adrenal

d) Pituitary

(Adrenal or suprarenal glands are called the emergency glands of the body. The medullary portion of these glands secretes hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline. Their secretion is stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system.

These hormones are secreted in emergency conditions like anger, injury, cold, emotional stress, fear, etc, hence also called hormones for fight or flight)